Challenge: Severe air pollution driven by industrial emissions, brick kilns, and vehicular traffic. Dhaka often tops the list of the most polluted cities globally.
Challenge: Kathmandu Valley is highly polluted due to vehicular emissions, dust, and industrial output, compounded by geographical factors that trap air.
Challenge: Industrial emissions, coal use for energy, and vehicular traffic have historically made China one of the most polluted countries, although efforts are being made to curb pollution.